The last surviving population of Cacajao ouakary (Spix, 1823) (Pitheciidae, Primates) in an igapó forest in the Manaus metropolitan region, central Amazonia, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62015/np.2024.v30.832Keywords:
conservation, fragmentation, landscape ecology, Pitheciidae, uacarisAbstract
The golden-backed uacari (Cacajao ouakary) has a broad geographic range across Colombia, Venezuela, and Brazil, but its distribution is patchy due to its reliance on specific igapó floodplain habitats adjacent to terra firme forest. Despite this wide range, the species occurs only in fragmented pockets of suitable habitat and has previously been studied only in minimally disturbed areas. In this study, we investigated the presence and conservation status of the golden-backed uacari in anthropogenically impacted igapó near Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Over a period of 16 months, we used semi-structured interviews and linear transect surveys to assess threats and population status. The species is not hunted, and only 5% of respondents (n = 3 out of 60) confirmed its presence in the region. During extensive fieldwork, only two sightings were recorded, both in the 1,840 ha fragment of igapó forest that lacks substantial adjacent terra firme, limiting seasonal movements. These individuals appear to represent an isolated remnant population, likely the last of their kind in the area. Given the ongoing loss and fragmentation of habitat, this population faces a high risk of local extinction unless urgent conservation measures are implemented.
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